Carpal tunnel syndrome is a painful condition that is characterized by pain, numbness, tingling and paresthesia (pins and needles) in the thumb, index and middle fingers, with advanced cases revealing loss of strength and coordination.
Carpal tunnel is the most common nerve entrapment disorder and is generally caused by a muscle imbalance in the hand and wrist that results in the compression and impingement of the median nerve. Other contributing factors include direct or blunt trauma or injury to the wrist that can induce swelling, such as sprain or fracture; over activity of the pituitary gland; hypothyroidism; rheumatoid arthritis; mechanical problems in the wrist joint; work stress; repeated use of vibrating hand tools; fluid retention during pregnancy or menopause; or the development of a cyst or tumor in the canal. In some cases no cause can be identified.